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1018 is among the most commonly available grades available in the world. It is widely available in cold finished rounds, squares, flat bar and hexagons. Despite its unimpressive mechanical properties, the alloy is easily formed, machined, welded and fabricated. Due to its higher Mn content, it can, in thin sections, be hardened to Rc 42.
Applications
The alloy is a free machining grade that is often employed in high volume screw machine parts applications. It is commonly employed in shafts, spindles, pins, rods, sprocket assemblies and an incredibly wide variety of component parts.
Machinability
1018 is rated at 62% of 1112 carbon steel. The alloy can be easily brought to a fine finish, its chips are continuous and hard and it can be machined in all conditions.
Forming
1018 can be easily formed in the annealed condition.
Welding
1018 has been successfully welded using most all the common practices including gas, resistance, oxyacetylene, and submerged melt welding.
Heat Treatment
1018 can, in thin sections be case hardened to Rc 42. In thicker sections, over 4", Rc 28-30 can be obtained.
Forging
Forge this alloy in the range of 1825-2300 F.
Hot Working
1018 can easily be hot worked.
Cold Working
Cold working 1018 will have a significant affect on hardness and mechanical properties. Intermediate annealing is required to overcome its tendency to work harden.
Annealing
A full anneal can be achieved by soaking at 1650 F followed by furnace cooling. Process annealing can be done at 1200 F.
Hardening
See heat treatment and cold working notes.
Physical Data
Density (lb / cu. in.)
0.283
Specific Gravity
7.82
Specific Heat (Btu/lb/Deg F - [32-212 Deg F])
0.116
Mean Coeff Thermal Expansion
6.7
Mechanical Data
Form
Round Bar
Condition
Annealed
Temper
68
Tensile Strength
60
Yield Strength
44
Elongation
35
Reduction of Area
67
Brinnell
127
Form
Round Bar
Condition
Hot Rolled
Temper
68
Tensile Strength
68
Yield Strength
50
Elongation
36
Reduction of Area
65
Brinnell
143
Form
Round Bar
Condition
Normalized
Temper
68
Tensile Strength
66
Yield Strength
50
Elongation
36
Reduction of Area
68
Brinnell
135
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